Qt windows 蓝牙4.0开发
本篇文章记录学习使用Qt在windows下开发蓝牙4.0的过程。
在介绍Qt windows蓝牙4.0开发之前，先说一些关于qt蓝牙在windows中的一些限制：
只可以在win10 1607版本以上使用（Qt5.14以上官方说已经可以支持win7、win8）
标准蓝牙（2.0）只有手动搜索配对后才可以使用Qt蓝牙搜索到
应用程序使用蓝牙库需要在.pro文件中添加配置“QT += bluetooth”
蓝牙搜索 //蓝牙扫描类 QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent *discoveryAgent = nullptr; discoveryAgent = new QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent(); //设置扫描时间 discoveryAgent->setLowEnergyDiscoveryTimeout(5000); //扫描设备信号 connect(discoveryAgent, &QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent::deviceDiscovered, this, &QBLEDeviceManagement::addBLEDevice); //扫描错误信号 connect(discoveryAgent,QOverload<QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent::Error>::of(&QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent::error),this, &QBLEDeviceManagement::bleError); //扫描完成 connect(discoveryAgent, &QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent::finished, this, &QBLEDeviceManagement::bleDeviceScanFinished); void QBLEDeviceManagement::startScan() { if(discoveryAgent->isActive()) { return; } //开始扫描 只扫描BLE设备 discoveryAgent->start(QBluetoothDeviceDiscoveryAgent::LowEnergyMethod); } void QBLEDeviceManagement::addBLEDevice(const QBluetoothDeviceInfo &info) { //扫描到的设备，可以根据蓝牙名过滤设备 if(!info.name().contains(QRegExp(BTNAME_MATCHING1)) && \ !info.name().contains(QRegExp(BTNAME_MATCHING2)) && \ !info.name().contains(QRegExp(BTNAME_MATCHING3)) { qDebug() << info.name(); QBluetoothDeviceInfo bleInfo = info; } }<
连接蓝牙
//创建低功耗蓝牙控制对象
bleController = QLowEnergyController::createCentral(bleInfo);
//绑定服务扫描信号
connect(bleController, SIGNAL(serviceDiscovered(QBluetoothUuid)),
this, SLOT(onServiceDiscovered(QBluetoothUuid)));
//服务扫描完成信号
connect(bleController, SIGNAL(discoveryFinished()),
this, SLOT(onServiceScanDone()),Qt::QueuedConnection);
//低功耗蓝牙控制错误信号
connect(bleController, SIGNAL(error(QLowEnergyController::Error)),
this, SLOT(onControllerError(QLowEnergyController::Error)));
//蓝牙连接信号
connect(bleController, SIGNAL(connected()),
this, SLOT(onDeviceConnected()));
//断开连接信号
connect(bleController, SIGNAL(disconnected()),
this, SLOT(onDeviceDisconnected()));
//连接设备
bleController->connectToDevice();
扫描服务
QList<QBluetoothUuid> m_servicesUuid;
m_servicesUuid.clear();
bleController->discoverServices();
QLowEnergyService* bleServer = nullptr;
//服务扫描完成
void QBLECommunication::onServiceScanDone()
{
//获取所有服务UUID
m_servicesUuid = bleController->services();
if(m_servicesUuid.isEmpty())
{
}else{
//循环所有服务
foreach (auto i, m_servicesUuid) {
if(i == QBluetoothUuid(QString(SERVICE_UUID)) || i == QBluetoothUuid(QString(BLE_SERVICE_UUID)))//判断是否有所连接设备的读写服务的UUID
{
if(bleServer)
{
delete bleServer;
bleServer = nullptr;
}
//创建服务对象
bleServer = bleController->createServiceObject(i);
if (!bleServer) {
return;
}
//服务状态
if(bleServer->state() == QLowEnergyService::DiscoveryRequired) {
connect(bleServer, SIGNAL(stateChanged(QLowEnergyService::ServiceState)),
this, SLOT(onServiceStateChanged(QLowEnergyService::ServiceState)));
connect(bleServer, SIGNAL(characteristicChanged(QLowEnergyCharacteristic,QByteArray)),
this, SLOT(onCharacteristicChanged(QLowEnergyCharacteristic,QByteArray)));
connect(bleServer, SIGNAL(error(QLowEnergyService::ServiceError)),
this, SLOT(serviceError(QLowEnergyService::ServiceError)));
//查询服务特征值
bleServer->discoverDetails();
}else
{
searchCharacteristic();
}
}
}
}
}
void QBLECommunication::searchCharacteristic()
{
if(bleServer)
{
bool ok = false;
//循环特征值
foreach (QLowEnergyCharacteristic c, bleServer->characteristics())
{
//判断特征UUID是否是写特征
if(c.isValid() && ( c.uuid() == QBluetoothUuid(QString(UUIDSTR_ISSC_TRANS_Write)) || c.uuid() == QBluetoothUuid(QString(UUIDSTR_BLE_TRANS_Write)) ))
{
bleWriteCharacteristic = c;
qDebug() << “bleWriteCharacteristic:” << bleWriteCharacteristic.isValid();
}
//判断特征UUID是否是读特征
if(c.isValid() && ( c.uuid() == QBluetoothUuid(QString(UUIDSTR_ISSC_TRANS_Read)) || c.uuid() == QBluetoothUuid(QString(UUIDSTR_BLE_TRANS_Read)) ))
{
m_notificationDesc = c.descriptor(\
QBluetoothUuid::ClientCharacteristicConfiguration);
qDebug() << “m_notificationDesc:” << m_notificationDesc.isValid();
if (m_notificationDesc.isValid()) {
bleServer->writeDescriptor(m_notificationDesc, QByteArray::fromHex(“0100”));//使能通知
ok = true;
}
}
}
}
}
<
数据接收发送
数据发送：
通过服务将数据写到对应发特征值中
void QBLECommunication::bthWrite(const char* dat,const qint64 len)
{
if(bleServer && bleWriteCharacteristic.isValid()){
QByteArray sbuf(dat,static_cast<int>(len));
bleServer->writeCharacteristic(bleWriteCharacteristic,sbuf);
qDebug() << sbuf.toHex().data();
}
}
数据接收：
特征值改变信号（说明有数据）
void QBLECommunication::onCharacteristicChanged(const QLowEnergyCharacteristic &c, const QByteArray &value)
{
if(c.uuid() == QBluetoothUuid(QString(UUIDSTR_ISSC_TRANS_Read)) || c.uuid() == QBluetoothUuid(QString(UUIDSTR_BLE_TRANS_Read)))
{
qDebug() << value;
}
}
关闭蓝牙设备
void QBLECommunication::bleDisConnect()
{
//disable notifications 禁用通知
if (m_notificationDesc.isValid() && bleServer) {
bleServer->writeDescriptor(m_notificationDesc, QByteArray::fromHex(“0000”));
}
//关闭设备
bleController->disconnectFromDevice();
//删除服务对象
if(bleServer)
{
delete bleServer;
bleServer = nullptr;
}
}
