从放弃到入门[四]：让Hi3516EV200跑起来

从放弃到入门[四]：让Hi3516EV200跑起来

Notes：小A已经将SDK版本升级到 Hi3516EV200R001C01SPC012 啦，后续所有的内容都基于此版本。是的，没错！ 小A就是这么个”喜新厌旧“的人。

经过前面几篇系列文章，我们已经掌握了SDK包的完整编译和几种常见的烧写方法，那么下面是时候让板子完整跑起来了。我们都知道作为一个嵌入式系统，必不可少的三个基础就是bootloader，kernel，rootfs，而这三个在完整编译SDK个时候都已经生成了。我们这就来试一下看看默认的编译结果能否直接使用。

一：原材料

小系统组件的各个生成结果存放在 Hi3516EV200_SDK_V1.0.1.2/osdrv/pub/hi3516ev200_spi_image_uclibc/ 目录下，我们来看看都有什么

➜ hi3516ev200_spi_image_uclibc tree . ├── rootfs_hi3516ev200_128k.jffs2 ├── rootfs_hi3516ev200_256k.jffs2 ├── rootfs_hi3516ev200_2k_128k_32M.ubifs ├── rootfs_hi3516ev200_2k_24bit.yaffs2 ├── rootfs_hi3516ev200_2k_4bit.yaffs2 ├── rootfs_hi3516ev200_4k_24bit.yaffs2 ├── rootfs_hi3516ev200_4k_256k_50M.ubifs ├── rootfs_hi3516ev200_4k_4bit.yaffs2 ├── rootfs_hi3516ev200_64k.jffs2 ├── u-boot-hi3516ev200.bin └── uImage_hi3516ev200 0 directories, 11 files

从上面我们可以看到有1个u-boot镜像，1个kernel镜像，以及若干个rootfs镜像，那么这么多个rootfs镜像我们怎么选择呢，先按下不表，等下再说。

二：信息采集

首先我们先确认下u-boot有没有问题。烧录uboot后直接启动，能够看到

这说明uboot自身启动基本没什么大问题了，从打印中我们可以关注到以下两点：

是从SPI Nand falsh启动的，flash型号为”W25N01GV”，基本参数： FlashSize：128MB BlockSize：128KB PageSize：2KB EccType：4bit

我们在前面说了有多个rootfs镜像待我们选用，首先我们根据nand类型选用yaffs2格式的rootfs。对于yaffs2的镜像，其命名规则为 rootfs_CPU_PageSize_EccType.yaffs2，所以我们先选用的个rootfs镜像为 rootfs_hi3516ev200_2k_4bit.yaffs2

目前uboot下的环境变量有问题，CRC校验不通过，所以使用的是默认环境变量。如下

从这里我们看到默认的环境变量大小为256KB，这里也许有人要问小A，为什么打印出来的大小要比256KB小4个字节呢？很简单，环境变量分区的前4个字节用来保存CRC校验值的。另外这里的bootargs不完整，bootcmd也有问题。

三：在错误的边缘疯狂试探

基于以上问题，我们参考文档《xxxxxLinux SDK 安装以及升级使用说明》先对分区做出如下定义，并烧录

| 1M | 4M | 123M | |——|——–|——–| | boot | kernel | rootfs |

烧录完重启依然卡在uboot下面，无法完成kernel的引导，这时候我们需要参考着设置环境变量并重启开发板。

setenv bootargs mem=32M console=ttyAMA0,115200 root=/dev/mtdblock2 rootfstype=yaffs2 rw mtdparts=hinand:1M(boot),4M(kernel),123M(rootfs) setenv bootcmd nand read 0x42000000 0x100000 0x400000;bootm 0x42000000 saveenv reset

重启后我们可以看到

resetting … System startup Uncompress Ok! U-Boot 2016.11 (Sep 19 2020 – 17:44:50 +0800)hi3516ev200 Relocation Offset is: 03734000 Relocating to 43f34000, new gd at 43e93ef0, sp at 43e93ed0 SPI Nor: Boot Media isnt SPI Nor NAND: hifmc_ip_ver_check(44): Check Flash Memory Controller v100 …hifmc_ip_ver_check(50): Found SPI Nand ID Table Version 2.7 SPI Nand(cs 0) ID: 0xef 0xaa 0x21 Name:”W25N01GV” Block:128KB Page:2KB OOB:64B ECC:4bit/512 Chipsize:128 MiB MMC: In: serial Out: serial Err: serial Net: eth0 Warning: eth0 (eth0) using random MAC address – 9e:fb:d3:16:95:d5 Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 NAND read: device 0 offset 0x100000, size 0x400000 4194304 bytes read: OK ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 42000000 … Image Name: Linux-4.9.37 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 3397596 Bytes = 3.2 MiB Load Address: 40008000 Entry Point: 40008000 Loading Kernel Image … OK Starting kernel … Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0 Linux version 4.9.37 (aiden@svr2004) (gcc version 6.3.0 (HC&C V1R3C00SPC200B005_20190606) ) #1 Sat Sep 19 17:47:48 CST 2020 CPU: ARMv7 Processor [410fc075] revision 5 (ARMv7), cr=10c53c7d CPU: div instructions available: patching division code CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT aliasing instruction cache OF: fdt:Machine model: Hisilicon HI3516EV200 DEMO Board Memory policy: Data cache writeback CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode. Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 8128 Kernel command line: mem=32M console=ttyAMA0,115200 root=/dev/mtdblock2 rootfstype=yaffs2 rw mtdparts=hinand:1M(boot),4M(kernel),123M(rootfs) PID hash table entries: 128 (order: -3, 512 bytes) Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) Memory: 25428K/32768K available (5042K kernel code, 181K rwdata, 1260K rodata, 176K init, 249K bss, 7340K reserved, 0K cma-reserved) Virtual kernel memory layout: vector : 0xffff0000 – 0xffff1000 ( 4 kB) fixmap : 0xffc00000 – 0xfff00000 (3072 kB) vmalloc : 0xc2800000 – 0xff800000 ( 976 MB) lowmem : 0xc0000000 – 0xc2000000 ( 32 MB) modules : 0xbf000000 – 0xc0000000 ( 16 MB) .text : 0xc0008000 – 0xc04f4cd8 (5044 kB) .init : 0xc0632000 – 0xc065e000 ( 176 kB) .data : 0xc065e000 – 0xc068b460 ( 182 kB) .bss : 0xc068d000 – 0xc06cb448 ( 250 kB) SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 NR_IRQS:16 nr_irqs:16 16 Gic dist init… arm_arch_timer: Architected cp15 timer(s) running at 50.00MHz (phys). clocksource: arch_sys_counter: mask: 0xffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0xb8812736b, max_idle_ns: 440795202655 ns sched_clock: 56 bits at 50MHz, resolution 20ns, wraps every 4398046511100ns Switching to timer-based delay loop, resolution 20ns clocksource: arm,sp804: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 637086815595 ns Console: colour dummy device 80×30 Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 100.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=500000) pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok Setting up static identity map for 0x40008200 – 0x40008258 devtmpfs: initialized VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 2 part 30 variant 7 rev 5 clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns futex hash table entries: 256 (order: -1, 3072 bytes) pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem NET: Registered protocol family 16 DMA: preallocated 256 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations Serial: AMBA PL011 UART driver 12040000.uart: ttyAMA0 at MMIO 0x12040000 (irq = 20, base_baud = 0) is a PL011 rev2 console [ttyAMA0] enabled SCSI subsystem initialized ssp-pl022 12070000.spi: ARM PL022 driver, device ID: 0x00800022 ssp-pl022 12070000.spi: mapped registers from 0x12070000 to c2867000 ssp-pl022 12071000.spi: ARM PL022 driver, device ID: 0x00800022 ssp-pl022 12071000.spi: mapped registers from 0x12071000 to c286b000 usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs usbcore: registered new interface driver hub usbcore: registered new device driver usb Linux video capture interface: v2.00 clocksource: Switched to clocksource arch_sys_counter NET: Registered protocol family 2 TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024) UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) NET: Registered protocol family 1 RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module. RPC: Registered udp transport module. RPC: Registered tcp transport module. RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module. workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=13 bucket_order=0 NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type Key type id_resolver registered Key type id_legacy registered jffs2: version 2.2 (NAND) (ZLIB) (RTIME) (c) 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc. Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 252) io scheduler noop registered io scheduler deadline registered (default) io scheduler cfq registered pl061_gpio 120b0000.gpio_chip: PL061 GPIO chip @0x120b0000 registered pl061_gpio 120b1000.gpio_chip: PL061 GPIO chip @0x120b1000 registered pl061_gpio 120b2000.gpio_chip: PL061 GPIO chip @0x120b2000 registered pl061_gpio 120b4000.gpio_chip: PL061 GPIO chip @0x120b4000 registered pl061_gpio 120b5000.gpio_chip: PL061 GPIO chip @0x120b5000 registered pl061_gpio 120b6000.gpio_chip: PL061 GPIO chip @0x120b6000 registered pl061_gpio 120b7000.gpio_chip: PL061 GPIO chip @0x120b7000 registered pl061_gpio 120b8000.gpio_chip: PL061 GPIO chip @0x120b8000 registered brd: module loaded hisi-sfc hisi_spi_nor.0: SPI Nor ID Table Version 1.2 hisi-sfc hisi_spi_nor.0: unrecognized Manufacturer ID hisi-sfc hisi_spi_nor.0: spi nor register fail! hisi-sfc: probe of hisi_spi_nor.0 failed with error -2 SPI Nand ID Table Version 2.7 SPI Nand(cs 0) ID: 0xef 0xaa 0x21 nand: device found, Manufacturer ID: 0xef, Chip ID: 0xaa nand: Winbond W25N01GV nand: 128MiB, SLC, page size: 2048 Nand(Auto): OOB:64B ECC:4bit/512 nand: ECC provided by Flash Memory Controller 3 cmdlinepart partitions found on MTD device hinand Creating 3 MTD partitions on “hinand”: 0x000000000000-0x000000100000 : “boot” 0x000000100000-0x000000500000 : “kernel” 0x000000500000-0x000008000000 : “rootfs” FEPHY:addr=1, la_am=0xc, ldo_am=0x4, r_tuning=0x20 libphy: hisi_femac_mii_bus: probed libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed Generic PHY 10041100.mdio:01: attached PHY driver [Generic PHY] (mii_bus:phy_addr=10041100.mdio:01, irq=-1) phy_id=0x20669903, phy_mode=mii hisi-femac 10040000.ethernet: using random MAC address 2e:34:30:3d:a3:8d xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0.auto: xHCI Host Controller xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0.auto: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0.auto: hcc params 0x0220fe6c hci version 0x110 quirks 0x20010010 xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0.auto: irq 114, io mem 0x10030000 hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0.auto: xHCI Host Controller xhci-hcd xhci-hcd.0.auto: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2 usb usb2: We dont know the algorithms for LPM for this host, disabling LPM. hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 2-0:1.0: hub cant support USB3.0 usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice hibvt_rtc 120e0000.rtc: rtc core: registered 120e0000.rtc as rtc0 hibvt_rtc 120e0000.rtc: RTC driver for hibvt enabled i2c /dev entries driver hibvt-i2c 12060000.i2c: hibvt-i2c0@100000hz registered hibvt-i2c 12061000.i2c: hibvt-i2c1@100000hz registered hibvt-i2c 12062000.i2c: hibvt-i2c2@100000hz registered uvcvideo: Unable to create debugfs directory usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo USB Video Class driver (1.1.1) sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper mmc0: SDHCI controller on 10010000.sdhci [10010000.sdhci] using ADMA in legacy mode mmc1: SDHCI controller on 10020000.sdhci [10020000.sdhci] using ADMA in legacy mode usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid usbhid: USB HID core driver Initializing XFRM netlink socket NET: Registered protocol family 17 NET: Registered protocol family 15 Key type dns_resolver registered hibvt_rtc 120e0000.rtc: setting system clock to 1970-01-01 00:06:11 UTC (371) yaffs: dev is 32505858 name is “mtdblock2” rw yaffs: passed flags “” VFS: Mounted root (yaffs2 filesystem) on device 31:2. devtmpfs: mounted Freeing unused kernel memory: 176K (c0632000 – c065e000) This architecture does not have kernel memory protection. random: init: uninitialized urandom read (4 bytes read) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ \ _ _ _ _ _ ___ / /__/ \ |_/ / __ / – _ ___ / / / / / / _ _ _ _/ / / \_/ \_ ______ ___________\___\__________________ [RCS]: /etc/init.d/S00devs mknod: /dev/console: File exists mknod: /dev/ttyAMA0: File exists mknod: /dev/null: File exists [RCS]: /etc/init.d/S01udev udevd[613]: starting eudev-3.2.7 [RCS]: /etc/init.d/S80network Auto login as root … Jan 1 00:06:12 login[857]: root login on ttyS000 Welcome to HiLinux. None of nfsroot found in cmdline. ~ # 四：HappyEnding

通过摸索和试探，在不看代码的情况下，我们终于将Hi3516EV200嵌入式小系统正常跑起来啦，可以进行普通的嵌入式平台开发了。下一步，小A会先去看看海思的小系统组件都有哪些特别的节目，暂时先不着急研究海思平台的特性（音视频采集，编解码和输出），毕竟小A是个喜欢折腾的。